MJAS

Manuscript Details

Effect of Fruit Seeds on In Vitro Gas Production Analysis

Mazlan, N. A.¹, Muhammad, A.I.^1,2*, Hemly, N. I. M.¹, and Samsudin, A.A.¹

¹Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;
²Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Federal University Dutse. P.M.B. 7156, Jigawa State, Nigeria

Malaysian J. Anim. Sci. 2025 28(1): 36-45

Click to view the abstract

The increasing demand for animal products requires a sustainable expansion of feed resources. This study explored the potential of fruit seeds as a non-competitive feed source, evaluating the nutritional composition of durian, champeden, salak, avocado, and jackfruit seeds. Proximate, Van Soest fibre, and in vitro gas production analyses were conducted. Proximate analysis revealed that durian seeds exhibited significantly (P < 0.05) higher dry matter (DM) and ash content and lower crude fibre (CF) compared to other seed sources. Avocado seeds had the highest crude protein (CP) content (P < 0.05), while jackfruit seeds had the lowest. Champeden seeds showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and CF. A primary limitation for livestock feed use is the high moisture content of these seeds. In vitro fermentation data indicated that gas production was influenced by substrate degradability and rumen microbial activity. Cumulative gas production over 72 hours showed that salak seeds produced the highest volume, while avocado seeds produced the lowest.