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Genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship using mitochondrial ND5 partial sequences in three cattle breeds

Aslinda, K.^1,4*, Wan Somarny, W.M.Z.¹, Mat Tasol, S.¹, Fadzlirahimi, I.², Mohd. Hafiz, A.W.³ and Siti Azizah, M.N.^4,5

¹Strategic Livestock Research Centre, MARDI Headquarters, 43000 Serdang, Selangor, ²Kemaman MARDI Station, P.O.Box 44, 24007 Kemaman, Terengganu, ³Muadzam Shah MARDI Station, 26700 Muadzam Shah, Pahang, ⁴School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, ⁵Centre for Marine and Coastal Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang.

Malaysian J. Anim. Sci. 2011 14(1): 7-12

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Partial sequences of mtDNA ND5 (404 bp) were determined for 107 bovine samples from three cattle breeds: Kedah-Kelantan (KK, n=86), Yellow cattle (YC, n=18) and Banteng (n=3). Seven haplotypes (Hap01-Hap07) were generated with Hap01 having the highest frequency shared by KK and YC populations, whilst Hap03-04, Hap06 and Hap07 were unique to KK cattle from Pahang (KKB), YC and Banteng, respectively. The YC was the most diverse (h= 0.3072, ?= 0.003899) than other populations. Among the Kedah-Kelantan cattle populations, KKB (h= 0.1871, ?= 0.002438) was the most diverse, while KK cattle from Kelantan (KKA) was the least (h= 0.0690, ?= 0.000171). Low genetic distance between KKA and KK cattle from Terengganu (KKC, 0.0002) showed it to be more closely related in maternal lineage than between KKA and KKB cattle (0.0014) and KKA and YC (0.0022). The NJ tree differentiated B. taurus from B. indicus with 99% bootstrap support indicating distinct evolutionary lineages. B. indicus further bifurcated into KKA, KKB and KKC populations and YC populations revealing its maternal relationship with B. indicus.